Amrita Verma and Associates

A Writ Petition is a powerful constitutional remedy that allows any citizen to approach the Supreme Court of India (under Article 32) or a High Court (under Article 226) to enforce their Fundamental Rights guaranteed by the Constitution.

When government authorities, institutions, or individuals act illegally, arbitrarily, or unconstitutionally, the Supreme Court can enforce justice through the issuance of writs.

A Public Interest Litigation (PIL) is a powerful constitutional tool that allows any individual, organization, or citizen to approach the Supreme Court of India (under Article 32) or a High Court (under Article 226) for the protection of public rights, social justice, and constitutional governance.

It empowers the Court to intervene in matters affecting the public at large, especially when individuals or communities are unable to access justice themselves.

A Civil Appeal before the Supreme Court of India allows a party to challenge a judgment, decree, or order passed by a High Court, Tribunal, or subordinate court in any civil matter.

Under Articles 132 to 134 of the Constitution of India and relevant procedural laws, the Supreme Court serves as the highest appellate authority, ensuring that justice is not lost due to legal or factual errors made by lower courts.

A petition for FIR Quashing before the Supreme Court of India (under Article 32 of the Constitution) or the High Court (under Section 482 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023  BNSS) seeks to cancel or nullify a false, frivolous, or legally unsustainable criminal case (FIR) filed against an individual.

This remedy protects citizens from abuse of the legal process, false implications, and harassment through baseless criminal proceedings.

A Bail Petition before the Supreme Court of India is a constitutional remedy for protecting an individual’s fundamental right to liberty under Article 21 of the Constitution.
It seeks temporary or permanent release of a person accused or arrested in a criminal case while ensuring that the investigation and trial proceed lawfully.

Under the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 (BNSS)  replacing the CrPC, the right to seek bail is recognized as an essential safeguard against arbitrary arrest and prolonged detention.

The Supreme Court of India has the ultimate authority to review, commute, or reduce sentences, including death penalty convictions, where there are errors in judgment, mitigating circumstances, or humanitarian grounds.

A Sentence Reduction Petition or Death Penalty Appeal seeks to ensure that justice is not merely punitive, but balanced with mercy and due process, in accordance with the Constitutional right to life under Article 21.

A Service Case before the Supreme Court of India involves disputes relating to employment, promotions, transfers, disciplinary actions, pension, or termination of government and public sector employees.

These matters are crucial because they affect not only the individual’s career and livelihood but also the integrity and accountability of public administration.

Under the Constitution of India, service-related disputes can be challenged before Tribunals, High Courts, and ultimately, the Supreme Court, when fundamental rights or principles of natural justice are violated.